設定 圖片 / CSS / Javascript 等靜態檔案的過期時間, 可以讓網頁下次 loading 的速度更快(直接從瀏覽器的 cache 拉), 也可以節省 頻寬 和 Apache 吐這些檔案所耗的資源.
首先需要 Enable apache expires module, 方法如下:
- a2enmod expires # a2enmod, a2dismod - enable or disable an apache2 module
- 或 cd /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/; ln -s ../mods-available/expires.load
哪些檔案要加入 Expire header 的, 做如下述的設定:
- 於 .htaccess 加入
ExpiresActive On
ExpiresDefault "access plus 4 hours"
ExpiresByType application/javascript "access plus 1 week"
ExpiresByType application/x-javascript "access plus 1 week"
ExpiresByType text/javascript "access plus 1 week"
ExpiresByType text/css "access plus 1 day"
ExpiresByType text/html A900
ExpiresByType text/xml A14400
ExpiresByType text/plain "access plus 1 hours"
ExpiresByType image/gif "access plus 1 day"
ExpiresByType image/jpg "access plus 1 day"
ExpiresByType image/jpeg "access plus 1 day"
ExpiresByType image/png "access plus 1 day"
ExpiresByType image/bmp "access plus 1 day"
ExpiresByType application/x-shockwave-flash A3600 - 或 Apache 的設定檔加入
<IfModule mod_expires.c>
ExpiresActive On
ExpiresByType application/javascript "access plus 1 week"
ExpiresByType application/x-javascript "access plus 1 week"
ExpiresByType text/javascript "access plus 1 week"
ExpiresByType text/css "access plus 1 day"
ExpiresByType text/html A900
ExpiresByType text/xml A14400
ExpiresByType text/plain "access plus 1 hours"
ExpiresByType image/gif "access plus 1 day"
ExpiresByType image/jpg "access plus 1 day"
ExpiresByType image/jpeg "access plus 1 day"
ExpiresByType image/png "access plus 1 day"
ExpiresByType image/bmp "access plus 1 day"
ExpiresByType application/x-shockwave-flash A3600
</IfModule>
上述 image/png, application/x-shockwave-flash 等 mime-type, 詳細的可見: /usr/share/doc/apache-common/examples/mime.types.gz (Debian 放在這邊)
測試設定檔是否正確
- /usr/sbin/apache2ctl configtest 或 /usr/sbin/apache2ctl -t # 測試 Apache 設定檔有沒有錯誤 (此/usr/sbin/apache2ctl 是 Debian Linux 的路徑)
- 看到 Syntax OK, 就可以 /etc/init.d/apache2 reload 囉~ 🙂
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